膨胀土与石灰改良膨胀土胀缩性的云模型评价

为解决胀缩性评价过程中模糊指标与随机指标统一处理及定性定量转化问题,探讨了基于云模型理论的胀缩性评价模型.首先基于胀缩性分类标准生成每个评价指标在不同等级的云数字特征,并应用正向正态云发生器模拟实测样本指标值隶属于各等级的确定度,然后结合指标权重获得综合确定度,以最大综合确定度值判定样本的胀缩性等级.最后基于合肥新桥国际机场膨胀土地基处理工程实例来验证该模型的可靠性,并与集对分析、可变模糊集方法和模糊数学方法的判别结果进行了对比分析.结果表明,基于云模型评价膨胀土和改良土胀缩性等级是有效可行的,且预测结果可充分反映现场实际情况.     

基于60°坐标系的SVPWM过调制算法

传统的空间矢量脉宽调制(SVPWM)在正交坐标系中实现时,涉及的计算量较大,相应的过调制算法更为复杂.为了更利于实时操作,文中分析了60°坐标系下SVPWM算法的特点,提出了一种计算量小,易于实现的过调制算法.该算法能统一处理参考电压矢量整个调制区域,不需要计算保持角.在六阶梯波模式中,该算法不需要计算参考电压实际角度来选取基本电压矢量,仅需要根据原来没有过调制处理时计算得到的基本电压矢量作用时间做出选择.理论分析和实验结果证明该算法能节省大量计算时间.     

马氏体基TRIP钢的组织与力学性能

在基本C-Si-Mn系TRIP钢的基础上,通过调整工艺参数获得具有马氏体基的TRIP钢,通过扫描电镜分析、透射电镜分析、电子背散射衍射分析、X射线衍射分析、单向拉伸实验等对经不同工艺处理的实验用钢的显微组织和力学性能进行了对比分析.结果表明:两相区退火温度升高,铁素体比例减少,贝氏体比例增加,残余奥氏体整体先增加后减少;在较低温度下退火时,条状铁素体合并成为块状铁素体;在较高温度下退火时,条状奥氏体合并成为块状奥氏体,随后在冷却过程中转变为马氏体或残余奥氏体;实验钢在780℃退火时,获得最佳综合力学性能,此时抗拉强度达1053MPa,延伸率达23%,强塑积达24GPa×%.一定量的细小弥散的板条残余奥氏体是实验钢获得高强塑积的主要原因.     

基于激光扫描共焦显微技术的刀具刃口精密测量

为表征刀具刃口结构,提出了一种刃口精密测量和数据处理方法.采用激光扫描共焦显微镜对刀具刃口进行精密测量,通过数据后处理拟合刃口圆弧半径.研究结果表明:测量采用的角度块倾角会对刃口测量范围及刃口不对称度判定产生影响,应根据刀具结构参数合理选择,对于TPMT16T304刀具选择倾角为50.5°的角度块时测量效果较好;数据平滑可以有效去除测量噪声,提高数据处理效率和测量精度;刀具刃口最小二乘拟合结果与扫描电镜法测量值及标称值较吻合,标准不确定度优于0.084μm.以上结果说明,基于激光扫描共焦显微技术的刀具刃口测量方法简便、测量精度高且不破坏刀具.     

济南泉城聚落空间形态与生态环境的关联嬗变

回顾济南自春秋战国到清代末期巧用自然环境、构建特色风貌的城市生态化建设发展历程,从有机结合景观环境的城市泉水水系、由泉而生的适宜人居环境以及趋利避害的城市防灾措施三方面,分析了农耕时代济南先民因利自然的聚居环境营建理念和趋利避害的朴素生态智慧实践。反思自然生态环境的恶化给济南的聚居条件带来了的负面影响,通过梳理近年来济南生态环境重建工作推动城市可持续发展的经验,指出系统保护地域自然生态环境、促进古城营建生态智慧与新型城市功能的有机结合、实现人居环境与自然环境的和谐交融是当代城市建设的理想目标。     

根瘤菌87-1-1诱导刺槐根表皮传递细胞特异性表达的cDNA文库构建及序列分析

探寻根瘤菌诱导刺槐后根表皮细胞分化成传递细胞的特异性表达基因及其分子机制.采用抑制差减杂交(suppression subtraction hybridization,SSH)技术构建刺槐根系被接种根瘤菌和未被接种根瘤菌二者间的正反两个c DNA文库.各挑选正反文库中500个克隆进行测序,在Blastn、Blastp、Swiss Prot、KEGG、COG、Interpro以及Gene ontology(GO)数据库中进行比对注释.结合生理过程对ESTs进行分析,共获得725条非冗余序列(uni EST),正反向文库分别为385条和340条,其中包括674个单一序列(singlets),51个拼接序列(contigs).在Nt库比对中有674条uni ESTs与已知基因匹配,占比93%;在Nr库比对中有648条序列有匹配蛋白,占比89%.有正向文库213个uni ESTs和反向文库156个uni ESTs能进行Geney ontology(GO)功能注释,在细胞组分被注释了270次,分子功能被注释了448次,生物过程被注释了484次.uni ESTs的功能分析显示,正向文库中多与细胞翻译后修饰、转录因子、细胞信号通路、细胞壁/细胞膜/内膜系统以及细胞骨架相关蛋白有关,部分是结瘤相关基因.而反向文库中与细胞生长、代谢物形成的基因相关较多,这与根瘤菌处理刺槐后的生理过程一致.在根瘤菌诱导的刺槐根组织文库中发现特异性基因如MYB类转录因子、囊泡相关膜蛋白等与传递细胞相关的基因,结果有助于进一步研究此类传递细胞的形成分化机制.     

冻融循环作用后钢筋混凝土柱的偏心受压性能

为了研究冻融循环作用对钢筋混凝土柱偏心受压性能的影响,对经历0,75,100,125,150次冻融循环作用后的立方体试块进行了抗压强度试验,并设计制作了30根钢筋混凝土柱,将其经历0,75,100,125,150次冻融循环作用后进行偏心受压静力试验.分析了混凝土相对抗压强度、质量损失率、相对动弹性模量与冻融循环次数的关系,研究了冻融循环次数、轴向力偏心距对钢筋混凝土柱偏心受压性能的影响.研究结果表明,随着冻融循环次数的增加,试验柱的开裂荷载和极限荷载都逐渐减小,极限变形逐渐增大,部分试件由大偏心受压破坏转变为小偏心受压破坏.现行混凝土结构设计规范关于钢筋混凝土偏心受压柱极限承载力的计算理论适用于冻融循环作用后的钢筋混凝土柱.     

New strategies for the repair of spinal cord injury

Spinal cord injury （SCI） leads to several neu- rologic damages to patients with sensory and motor func- tion loss. Although some inspiring results were reported in animal, even in non-human primate models, the clinical translation of these research achievements barely move forward for the SCI patients. This review mainly focused on the pathogenesis of the primary and secondary injury, the clinical therapies and the new technologies in spinal cord injury. Moreover, the key scientific issues on this field were discussed in the review. Finally, some suggestions were proposed for the scientific and clinical researches.     

An investigation on terahertz response in electro-optic crystals excited at 1.03 lm wavelength

We theoretically investigate terahertz(THz)emission and detection from h110i-oriented electro-optic(EO) crystals adapted for Yb-doped femtosecond pulse laser.According to the principles of phase-matching condition, the dispersion relation between optical velocity and THz pulse,THz absorption spectra, and coherence lengths of CdTe, GaP,and GaAs crystals below the phonon resonant frequency are calculated correspondingly. The optical rectification and EO sampling process of above crystals with the same thickness of0.1 mm are simulated. As a consequence, we found that the optimal emission frequency of CdTe is at 2.65 THz, however,it reaches 6.56 THz of GaAs and 4.77 THz of GaP. With the help of frequency response function, the calculated cut-off frequency of CdTe is only 3.45 THz, while GaAs and GaP achieve 7.15 and 6.37 THz correspondingly. Finally, the EO sampling sensitivity of GaAs is higher than CdTe and GaP when the crystal's thickness exceeds 1.58 mm. The strong THz absorption of CdTe saturates distinctly the EO sampling sensitivity with its thickness increasing.     

Advances in research on Shadoo,shadow of prion protein

Prion plays a central role in the pathogenesis of transmissible spongiform encephalopathies, also known as prion diseases. However, the biology of the protein and the pathophysiology of these diseases remain largely unknown. It has been speculated that additional factor or factors may be involved in the pathogenesis of prion diseases. Recently, a PrP-like protein, recognized as shadow of prion protein （Shadoo, Sho）, is thought to be an interesting candidate factor because both the prion protein and Sho have been shown to have overlapping expression patterns and shared functions. Therefore, extensive study of Sho may advance our understanding of the enigmatical biology of prion and prion diseases. In this review, recent studies on Sho asso- ciated with prion diseases and functions are summarized. These studies have demonstrated the functional importance of Sho, and they further need to investigate its biological roles in prion diseases.